Paper 2017/010

Circuit-Private Multi-Key FHE

Wutichai Chongchitmate and Rafail Ostrovsky

Abstract

Multi-key fully homomorphic encryption (MFHE) schemes allow polynomially many users without trusted setup assumptions to send their data (encrypted under different FHE keys chosen by users independently of each other) to an honest-but-curious server that can compute the output of an arbitrary polynomial-time computable function on this joint data and issue it back to all participating users for decryption. One of the main open problems left in MFHE was dealing with malicious users without trusted setup assumptions. We show how this can be done, generalizing previous results of circuit-private FHE. Just like standard circuit-private FHE, our security model shows that even if both ciphertexts and public keys of individual users are not well-formed, no information is revealed regarding the server computation--- other than that gained from the output on some well-formed inputs of all users. MFHE schemes have direct applications to server-assisted multiparty computation (MPC), called on-the-fly MPC, introduced by López-Alt et al. (STOC '12), where the number of users is not known in advance. In this setting, a poly-time server wants to evaluate a circuit $C$ on data uploaded by multiple clients and encrypted under different keys. Circuit privacy requires that users' work is independent of $|C|$ held by the server, while each client learns nothing about $C$ other than its output. We present a framework for transforming MFHE schemes with no circuit privacy into maliciously circuit-private schemes. We then construct 3-round on-the-fly MPC with circuit privacy against malicious clients in the plain model.

Metadata
Available format(s)
PDF
Category
Public-key cryptography
Publication info
A minor revision of an IACR publication in PKC 2017
Keywords
Multi-keyfully homomorphic encryptioncomputing on encrypted datamalicious settingserver-assisted MPC
Contact author(s)
wutichai @ cs ucla edu
History
2017-01-11: received
Short URL
https://ia.cr/2017/010
License
Creative Commons Attribution
CC BY

BibTeX

@misc{cryptoeprint:2017/010,
      author = {Wutichai Chongchitmate and Rafail Ostrovsky},
      title = {Circuit-Private Multi-Key FHE},
      howpublished = {Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2017/010},
      year = {2017},
      note = {\url{https://eprint.iacr.org/2017/010}},
      url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2017/010}
}
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